What are these bright almost completely white spectra below the center? I thought foreground stars but you probably won't bother doing the data analysis for them if it is about galaxy motion?
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 10:51 am
by heehaw
DaveDerl wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 9:58 am
What are these bright almost completely white spectra below the center? I thought foreground stars but you probably won't bother doing the data analysis for them if it is about galaxy motion?
Maybe just stars too bright and so overexposed?
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 11:53 am
by Holger Nielsen
I also wondered about the allmost white spectra: If they are foreground stars, why include them?
Further questions:
The parallel horizontal arrangement of the spectra suggests that the positions of the spectra in the image are not correlated with the position of the galaxy in the sky, but then why are there variable horizontal shifts of the spectra?
Are there four spectra in each row?
Why does the height of the spectra vary?
What is the wavelength range, can any prominent lines be identified?
What is the origin of the many white lines appearing mostly on the right hand side?
Are colors used just to prevent a black-end-white image?
DaveDerl wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 9:58 am
What are these bright almost completely white spectra below the center? I thought foreground stars but you probably won't bother doing the data analysis for them if it is about galaxy motion?
Maybe just stars too bright and so overexposed?
https://www.eso.org/public/images/eso0209b/ wrote:
<<MOS-spectra obtained with two quadrants totaling 221 slits + 6 reference objects (stars placed in square holes to ensure a correct alignment). Exposure time 900 seconds; LR(red) grism. This is the raw (unprocessed) image of the spectra.>>
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 1:52 pm
by Chris Peterson
Holger Nielsen wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 11:53 am
I also wondered about the allmost white spectra: If they are foreground stars, why include them?
Further questions:
The parallel horizontal arrangement of the spectra suggests that the positions of the spectra in the image are not correlated with the position of the galaxy in the sky, but then why are there variable horizontal shifts of the spectra?
Are there four spectra in each row?
Why does the height of the spectra vary?
What is the wavelength range, can any prominent lines be identified?
What is the origin of the many white lines appearing mostly on the right hand side?
Are colors used just to prevent a black-end-white image?
The white lines are the slits, each of which is aligned with a galaxy of interest. They appear white because they show the overexposed direct light of the target galaxy. They correspond to the physical location of the galaxy on the image plane. On the vertical axis they are positioned so they don't overlap, in order to keep the spectra separate. There are four spectra in each row because that's what will fit on the sensor given the nature of the grism. There are rows with fewer than four, presumably because there were not four galaxies available. The height varies because the length of the slits is variable, depending on the size of the galaxy and on the constraint of avoiding overlaps. The actual spectral range depends on the grism they've utilized; nominally they can resolve from 360-1000 nm.
Keep in mind that this is a pseudocolor image. That is, it is a grayscale raw image which is presented here with the different intensities mapped to different colors. The colors here have no relationship to actual color of the objects.
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 4:48 pm
by Cousin Ricky
Chris Peterson wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 1:52 pm
Keep in mind that this is a pseudocolor image. That is, it is a grayscale raw image which is presented here with the different intensities mapped to different colors. The colors here have no relationship to actual color of the objects.
I was going to ask about that! Thanks for anticipating my question.
Chris Peterson wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 1:52 pm
Keep in mind that this is a pseudocolor image. That is, it is a grayscale raw image which is presented here with the different intensities mapped to different colors. The colors here have no relationship to actual color of the objects.
I was going to ask about that! Thanks for anticipating my question.
Well...one of the colors has relationship to actual color of the object.
A stopped clock is right twice a day
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 5:55 pm
by orin stepanek
Looks like the gears in an old clock; and it's about time!
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 6:09 pm
by Ann
Chris Peterson wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 1:52 pm
Keep in mind that this is a pseudocolor image. That is, it is a grayscale raw image which is presented here with the different intensities mapped to different colors. The colors here have no relationship to actual color of the objects.
Thanks, Chris. I found the colors so confusing that I decided against commenting.
Ann
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 6:47 pm
by BDanielMayfield
DistantSpectra_ESO_960.jpg
Ah, the awesome splendor of majestic galaxies, reduced to something only a barcode reader can appreciate.
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 8:23 pm
by Holger Nielsen
Chris Peterson wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 1:52 pm
The white lines are the slits, each of which is aligned with a galaxy of interest. They appear white because they show the overexposed direct light of the target galaxy. They correspond to the physical location of the galaxy on the image plane. On the vertical axis they are positioned so they don't overlap, in order to keep the spectra separate. There are four spectra in each row because that's what will fit on the sensor given the nature of the grism. There are rows with fewer than four, presumably because there were not four galaxies available. The height varies because the length of the slits is variable, depending on the size of the galaxy and on the constraint of avoiding overlaps. The actual spectral range depends on the grism they've utilized; nominally they can resolve from 360-1000 nm.
Keep in mind that this is a pseudocolor image. That is, it is a grayscale raw image which is presented here with the different intensities mapped to different colors. The colors here have no relationship to actual color of the objects.
Thank you for your explanations!
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Sun Sep 20, 2020 9:51 pm
by scr33d
"astronomers are able to use cosmological time-slowing to help measure vast distances in the universe."
Curiously the link provided in the sentence goes to wiki page that describes special relativistic time dilation, whereas the intention is about cosmological time dilation, a different, but related, thing. CTD is a result of the expansion of space while the photons are en route to us, the duration of any event we witness is dilated by a factor 1/a(t), the inverse of the scale factor, and is equal to the ratio of observed vs emitted photon wavelengths, which of course is the subject of the image.
Re: APOD: Breaking Distant Light (2020 Sep 20)
Posted: Mon Sep 21, 2020 2:03 pm
by TheZuke!
orin stepanek wrote: ↑Sun Sep 20, 2020 5:55 pm
Looks like the gears in an old clock; and it's about time!