Weather- volcanoes- earthquakes

[KayBur]

I'm more interested in this question: are there really no specialists who study the "behavior" of volcanoes and can predict an eruption at the first signs? Naturally, the eruption cannot be stopped, but if there is a danger, then rescuers will have time to evacuate people from the dangerous area in advance. Not only the eruption is dangerous, but also gas emissions. If foliage flies in the trees, imagine what happens in the lungs of a person who accidentally falls into a cloud?

[Chris Peterson]

I'm more interested in this question: are there really no specialists who study the "behavior" of volcanoes and can predict an eruption at the first signs? Naturally, the eruption cannot be stopped, but if there is a danger, then rescuers will have time to evacuate people from the dangerous area in advance. Not only the eruption is dangerous, but also gas emissions. If foliage flies in the trees, imagine what happens in the lungs of a person who accidentally falls into a cloud?

Certainly there are people who study volcanoes and attempt to predict eruptions. And with some volcanoes, and in some circumstances, they are quite successful. But volcanoes can still surprise, even with all the best minds and best instruments at work.

[neufer]

I'm more interested in this question: are there really no specialists who study the "behavior" of volcanoes and can predict an eruption at the first signs? Naturally, the eruption cannot be stopped, but if there is a danger, then rescuers will have time to evacuate people from the dangerous area in advance. Not only the eruption is dangerous, but also gas emissions. If foliage flies in the trees, imagine what happens in the lungs of a person who accidentally falls into a cloud?

Certainly there are people who study volcanoes and attempt to predict eruptions. And with some volcanoes, and in some circumstances, they are quite successful. But volcanoes can still surprise, even with all the best minds and best instruments at work.

"Many Volcanoes Emit Mulberry Jam Sandwiches Under Normal Pressure"

2020-12-22 - Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano awakens, plume and hot spot captured - GOES-17 ash + fire temperature

[orin stepanek]

Brrrr! I*t was -12 this morning; Don't want a volcano! It's supposed to get colder! Brrrr! 🌬

[Ann]

Brrrr! I*t was -12 this morning; Don't want a volcano! It's supposed to get colder! Brrrr! 🌬

We don't have any active volcanoes here, but we've sure got winter temperatures. It's been below zero degrees Celsius all February here in Malmö, and the cold weather is going to continue.

Tonight we may have a snow storm! I hate it!

Ann

[orin stepanek]

Brrrr! I*t was -12F this morning; Don't want a volcano! It's supposed to get colder! Brrrr! 🌬

We donät have any active volcanoes here, but we've sure got winter temperatures. It's been below zero degrees Celsius all February here in Malmö, and the cold weather is going to continue.

Tonight we may have a snow storm! I hate it!

Ann

I know; that cold makes you want to spend a lot of time indoors! It was -16F this morning and I had to put the charger on the car! We are supposed to get +12F today so that will help! You know? A volcano would heat things up a little, but I still don't want one!

[Chris Peterson]

Brrrr! I*t was -12F this morning; Don't want a volcano! It's supposed to get colder! Brrrr! 🌬

We donät have any active volcanoes here, but we've sure got winter temperatures. It's been below zero degrees Celsius all February here in Malmö, and the cold weather is going to continue.

Tonight we may have a snow storm! I hate it!

Ann

I know; that cold makes you want to spend a lot of time indoors! It was -16F this morning and I had to put the charger on the car! We are supposed to get +12F today so that will help! You know? A volcano would heat things up a little, but I still don't want one! :mrgreen:

12°F. Perfect snowshoeing weather, especially when things get steep up above treeline!

(Just up the road in the Mosquito Range. Uplifted granite about 65 million years old. Not volcanic... but there are lots of volcanic remnants when you come down off the range onto South Park.)
_

[neufer]

12°F. Perfect snowshoeing weather, especially when things get steep up above treeline!

(Just up the road in the Mosquito Range. Uplifted granite about 65 million years old. Not volcanic... but there are lots of volcanic remnants when you come down off the range onto South Park.)

• And you could always use a snowshoe to swat away those mosquitoes.

Trading Surfboards for Snowboards
Story by Michael Carlowicz.

Feb. 6, 2021 Mauna Loa natural-color Landsat 8 image by Joshua Stevens

---

<<Starting with a moderate storm on January 18, 2021, snow has fallen three times on the highlands of Hawai'i in the past three weeks. The snow cover has persisted on Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa—the two tallest volcanoes in the island chain—since January 25. Hawaiians have found their way up the volcanic mountains with snowboards and boogie boards to sled through the fluffy white blanket. Others have filled their pickup truck beds to bring snow down to friends. Snowfall in Hawai'i is often associated with a weather phenomenon referred to as a Kona low. Winds that typically blow out of the northeast shift and blow from the southwest. The winds from the leeward or “Kona” side draw moisture from the tropical Pacific, turning it from rain to snow as the air rises up into the high elevations.>>

[orin stepanek]

We donät have any active volcanoes here, but we've sure got winter temperatures. It's been below zero degrees Celsius all February here in Malmö, and the cold weather is going to continue.

Tonight we may have a snow storm! I hate it!

Ann

I know; that cold makes you want to spend a lot of time indoors! It was -16F this morning and I had to put the charger on the car! We are supposed to get +12F today so that will help! You know? A volcano would heat things up a little, but I still don't want one!

12°F. Perfect snowshoeing weather, especially when things get steep up above treeline!

(Just up the road in the Mosquito Range. Uplifted granite about 65 million years old. Not volcanic... but there are lots of volcanic remnants when you come down off the range onto South Park.)
_
IMG_20210122_072051p.jpg

Don't know if you missed it; bit it was Minus 12F and it was minus 16F this morning; too cold for this oldie!

[Chris Peterson]

I know; that cold makes you want to spend a lot of time indoors! It was -16F this morning and I had to put the charger on the car! We are supposed to get +12F today so that will help! You know? A volcano would heat things up a little, but I still don't want one! :mrgreen:

12°F. Perfect snowshoeing weather, especially when things get steep up above treeline!

(Just up the road in the Mosquito Range. Uplifted granite about 65 million years old. Not volcanic... but there are lots of volcanic remnants when you come down off the range onto South Park.)
_
IMG_20210122_072051p.jpg

Don't know if you missed it; bit it was Minus 12F and it was minus 16F this morning; too cold for this oldie! :shock: :lol2:

I was looking at your balmy +12° high.

[Ann]

Well, we didn't get a snowstorm last night. That's a relief, but it is also bad, because February has been almost bone dry.

I'm reminded of a Swedish poem from 1642, Klage-Wijsa Öfwer Thenna torra och kalla Wååhr (A Lament Over This Dry and Cold Spring) by Lars Wivallius. The poem was written in the Swedish equivalent of Shakespeare's English. I can't resist translating one of the stanzas for you:

Giff glädie och tröst/ lät Lärkian ey döö/
Lät lefwa Sommarens Swaala.
Hugswala hwart Bröst på Sweriges Öö/
Som nu mon sorgeligt taala.
Giff Sommar/ giff Blommer/
Giff gott grönt Höö/
Lät Gööken roopa och gaala.

Give us joy and solace/Let the Lark not die/
Let live the Swallow of Summer.
Comfort each Breast on Sweden's Isle/
Which now may speak so sadly.
Give Summer/ give Flowers/
Give good green Hay/
Let the Cuckoo call out and crow.

I have to agree with Lars Wivallius, I hate snow, but we do need moisture! And warmer weather too, please.

Winter Landscape with (Skaters and) a Bird Trap (1565), by Pieter Bruegel the Elder.

---

By the way, poor Lars Wivallius. The 17th century was "the little Ice Age" in Europe. I hope most people got something to eat in 1642 and the following winter, but I'm sure some people must have died of starvation back then.

The painting by Dutch painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder was made almost 80 years before Lars Wivallius wrote his poem, but I think the weather was cold in much of the 16th century, too. Anyway, I recognize the kind of weather depicted in the painting and the kind of daylight that accompanies it.

Ann

[orin stepanek]

I was looking at your balmy +12° high.

That we should repeat today; and that's the best predictions for the rest of the week! My Dad ( was a farmer ) said that it was good for the soil! I don't mind! Hope we get a mild Summer though!

[rogerbell1990]

I don't know about this as much as all of you do. but it is very interesting to read and it took almost 1 hour to read all this. and now i will search for this as i am exhausted right now.

[Fred the Cat]

What would we do without spectrums Whether you see it or on it

One and/or the other.

[rogerbell1990]

Several months ago, in my zone ( the Andes), suddlenly
The ambient temperature dropped below normal.
After a few days, the volcano Sangay erupted.
From this event, the weather became unstable,
So unstable, that in one place, in middle summer,
Snow fell !!

We had snow here in Nebraska; in June one year! All of the leaves fell off the trees; & they quickly budded again! I can't remember the year as it was long ago!

It is not possible!!! Nature has its own restrictions.

[orin stepanek]

Several months ago, in my zone ( the Andes), suddlenly
The ambient temperature dropped below normal.
After a few days, the volcano Sangay erupted.
From this event, the weather became unstable,
So unstable, that in one place, in middle summer,
Snow fell !!

We had snow here in Nebraska; in June one year! All of the leaves fell off the trees; & they quickly budded again! I can't remember the year as it was long ago!

It is not possible!!! Nature has its own restrictions.

It happened; so it is possible!

[rogerbell1990]

We had snow here in Nebraska; in June one year! All of the leaves fell off the trees; & they quickly budded again! I can't remember the year as it was long ago!

It is not possible!!! Nature has its own restrictions.

It happened; so it is possible!

If it happened then i need to know the year if you can tell? This will be a wonderful change in nature and i want to study on this how this happens. I hope it will be good for others too.

[orin stepanek]

Your asking me to remember something that happened 50+ years ago! I believe the tree was a paradise; but am not sure of that either! I thought it was unusual then Also! Why does it bother you? wouldn't it be like the tree went through another season? I,m not a horticulturist! I got rid of it because it was so messy!

[saturno2]

Sunday 28 nov 2021
Ecuador time 5 y 52 am (I live in Ecuador)
Earthquake of magnitude 7.5
Epicenter north of Peru 75 km south of the
border with Ecuador
Unusual enviroment temperature
increased several days ago
In my zone, the same pattern is observed again
more temperature.......earthquake
I do not talk about causes,
only observed parameter

[neufer]

Sunday 28 nov 2021
Ecuador time 5 y 52 am (I live in Ecuador)
Earthquake of magnitude 7.5
Epicenter north of Peru 75 km south of the
border with Ecuador
Unusual enviroment temperature
increased several days ago
In my zone, the same pattern is observed again
more temperature.......earthquake
I do not talk about causes,
only observed parameter

• 1) Global Warming is maximal in the Arctic and minimal at the equator.
  2) Global Warming is maximal at the surface and drops off rapidly with depth.

However, mountain glacier loss and a drop in water table levels might have some effect.

[Fred the Cat]

Why did ancient people build pyramids? To me they resemble stratovolcanoes. Egyptians and Mayans favored a volcano-like structure perhaps because of the angle of repose but why did they think pyramids would immortalize their leaders?

New tech may help uncover some answers.

I do know Bojo loves his pyramid.

[neufer]

Why did ancient people build pyramids? To me they resemble stratovolcanoes. Egyptians and Mayans favored a volcano-like structure perhaps because of the angle of repose but why did they think pyramids would immortalize their leaders?

New tech may help uncover some answers.

I do know Bojo loves his pyramid.

Bojo loves his angle of repose.

The 'Odd radius halos' produced by pyramidal ice crystals.

<<A ziggurat (D-stem of zaqārum 'to protrude, to build high') is a type of massive structure built in ancient Mesopotamia. Ziggurats were built by ancient Sumerians, Akkadians, Elamites, Eblaites and Babylonians for local religions. The precursors of the ziggurat were raised platforms that date from the Ubaid period during the sixth millennium BCE. The ziggurats began as a platforms (usually oval, rectangular or square). The sun-baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside. Each step was slightly smaller than the step below it. The facings were often glazed in different colors and may have had astrological significance.

Click to play embedded YouTube video.

Ziggurat designs ranged from simple bases upon which a temple sat, to marvels of mathematics and construction which spanned several terraced stories and were topped with a temple. The Mesopotamians believed that these pyramid temples connected heaven and earth. In fact, the ziggurat at Babylon was known as Etemenanki, which means "House of the foundation of heaven and earth" in Sumerian.

According to Herodotus, at the top of each ziggurat was a shrine, although none of these shrines have survived. One practical function of the ziggurats was a high place on which the priests could escape rising water that annually inundated lowlands. Another practical function of the ziggurat was security. Since the shrine was accessible only by way of three stairways, a small number of guards could prevent non-priests from spying on the rituals at the shrine on top of the ziggurat, such as initiation rituals like the Eleusinian mysteries, cooking of sacrificial food and burning of sacrificial animals.>>

[H Ilyas]

The power of the human brain to find patterns even where there are none.

We are the evolutionary byproduct of an environment that favored large brains capable of noticing patterns (even when they often proved coincidental).

Eventually we found good systematic ways of testing those patterns for validation.

Hear, hear!