APOD: The Pleiades Deep and Dusty (2014 Feb 25)

[APOD Robot]

The Pleiades Deep and Dusty

Explanation: The well known Pleiades star cluster is slowly destroying part of a passing cloud of gas and dust. The Pleiades is the brightest open cluster of stars on Earth's sky and can be seen from almost any northerly location with the unaided eye. The passing young dust cloud is thought to be part of Gould's belt, an unusual ring of young star formation surrounding the Sun in the local Milky Way Galaxy. Over the past 100,000 years, part Gould's belt is by chance moving right through the older Pleiades and is causing a strong reaction between stars and dust. Pressure from the star's light significantly repels the dust in the surrounding blue reflection nebula, with smaller dust particles being repelled more strongly. A short-term result is that parts of the dust cloud have become filamentary and stratified, as seen in the above deep-exposure image.

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[gazedandamused]

Does anyone know which telescope this image was taken with or a link to a bigger image of it. I've never seen this view of the pleiades and with all the extra detail and dust visible in this image I'm assuming it is from one of our newer ground based telescopes.

[Guest]

Does anyone know which telescope this image was taken with or a link to a bigger image of it. I've never seen this view of the pleiades and with all the extra detail and dust visible in this image I'm assuming it is from one of our newer ground based telescopes.

http://astrogab.us/profile/DaveLane

i'm jw why the pic is hosted on re-prop.com i wonder if dave lane runs the site or owns that company

[geckzilla]

i'm jw why the pic is hosted on re-prop.com i wonder if dave lane runs the site or owns that company

Hey, that is a funny place to host an astro photo, isn't it? Well, I wouldn't be surprised you just discovered his day job. Apparently astrophotography doesn't usually pay well (at least as far as money goes).

[MargaritaMc]

This is such a beautiful image! It quite took my breath away.

Does anyone know which telescope this image was taken with or a link to a bigger image of it. I've never seen this view of the pleiades and with all the extra detail and dust visible in this image I'm assuming it is from one of our newer ground based telescopes.

I do hope that David Lane visits the forum to comment on his Apod.

Margarita

[MysticLipstick]

I never knew that the nebulosity visible on many 7 Sisters photos was actually a passing dust cloud, interesting and beautiful.

[JohnD]

I presume that a planet around one of the Pleiades would be unaffected by that dust cloud.

But what would their night sky look like? Fantastical, surely?
John

[BDanielMayfield]

The links about Gould's Belt (particularly the first) were amazing! I had never heard of this before.

Bruce

[rstevenson]

I presume that a planet around one of the Pleiades would be unaffected by that dust cloud.
But what would their night sky look like? Fantastical, surely?

I think only if they had eyes that were quite different from ours. Reflection nebulas like this do reflect light in the visible spectrum, but it's a very thin nebula, hence any local part of it relects only a tiny amount of light. We can photograph it because we're so far away that we are looking at all of it, all the way through -- and, of course, because we're making extended exposures. But from a planet around one of M45's stars, you'd be looking at a fair approximation of a hard vacuum. Photography would help you deduce that your stellar system is passing through some gas and dust, but with the naked eye? Nada.

Rob

[Ann]

This is a truly, truly lovely APOD.

The picture really demonstrates how there is dust everywhere in the vicinity of this most famous of star clusters, and how the hot blue stars just light up (and compress and stratify) the dust they happen to encounter.

Like Rob said, the dust is nevertheless very tenuous, and we wouldn't see it at all with our naked eyes if we happened to reside on a planet in orbit around a star belonging to the Pleiades cluster. But I have to wonder if we might not have been able to see the brightest knot of the Merope Nebula, brilliantly visible here in a photo by Volker Wendel, Josef Pöpsel and Stefan Binnewies. At least we should have been able to spot it during a "Merope eclipse"!

And even if we couldn't spot the softly glowing bluish dust, we would be able to see, if we orbited one of the B-type Pleiads, that our skies looked very blue, and the sunlight didn't look yellow at all.

At least until our eyes adjusted.

Ann

[Chris Peterson]

And even if we couldn't spot the softly glowing bluish dust, we would be able to see, if we orbited one of the B-type Pleiads, that our skies looked very blue, and the sunlight didn't look yellow at all.

Except if we evolved there, we'd probably see the light illuminating the ground as neutral, thus "white", and the direct sunlight as shifted away from neutral towards red, thus "yellow". There's no getting away from the fact that color is perceptual, not physical.

[Boomer12k]

Wow, that is allot of detail. just great!!! A show of light and dust. So simple, yet so Amazing!

:---[===] *

[Chris Peterson]

But what would their night sky look like? Fantastical, surely?

It's easy to see. Take a look at the Pleiades some evening with a pair of binoculars. That's what the night sky would look like from there. Almost exactly like it looks here, with the addition of a handful of bright bluish-white stars.

[Chris Peterson]

Does anyone know which telescope this image was taken with or a link to a bigger image of it. I've never seen this view of the pleiades and with all the extra detail and dust visible in this image I'm assuming it is from one of our newer ground based telescopes.

A small refractor (Williams Optical GTF81), 81mm aperture, 535mm focal length. Full image resolution is 2 arcsec/pixel, which is right around the theoretical resolution of the optics (slightly degraded because of the color sensor). I'd guess the exposure length was at least a couple of hours, required by the small aperture.

[Ann]

Chris wrote:
There's no getting away from the fact that color is perceptual, not physical.

That's certainly true. Electromagnetic radiation, photons and different wavelengths all exist "out there", but the colors that some of them trigger in our perception exist only in our brains.

And how our brains interpret these wavelengths has everything to do with what the "electromagnetic landscape" has been like where we have come into existence through evolution.

Ann

[jsanchezjr]

I presume that a planet around one of the Pleiades would be unaffected by that dust cloud.

But what would their night sky look like? Fantastical, surely?
John

Now that you mention it, what can do a cloud of dust if pass near ours Solar System or our Sun? I don't know. I have no idea but one thing that I'm sure is that we are privileged of living in a quiet neighborhood like the one we are living.

José

[Boomer12k]

Whew.....got to get out the broom again....

:---[===] *

[geckzilla]

If our eyes evolved to see green light up to UV light instead of red light up to blue light, blue would be in the middle of our visual spectrum and look greenish while UV would be our blue and green would be our red. Well, red is very important so I can't imagine a situation where red light would be omitted by a visual organ. Then again, a lot of animals on Earth see UV light. Do their eyes reject longer wavelengths such as red light because UV is more important to them or do they usually perceive a broader spectrum than we do? The most astonishingly complex and precise eyes known in the animal kingdom are mantis shrimp's. We are all colorblind compared to the mantis shrimp.

[Chris Peterson]

Now that you mention it, what can do a cloud of dust if pass near ours Solar System or our Sun? I don't know. I have no idea but one thing that I'm sure is that we are privileged of living in a quiet neighborhood like the one we are living.

It wouldn't do a thing. In our many orbits around the galaxy, the Solar System has certainly passed through areas of dense dust. The densest dust clouds are still hard vacuums, and no match for the wind streaming fron the Sun (not that it would matter, though, even if it made it to the inner system).

Quiet is good, but it isn't determined by dust, rather by not lingering too long near regions of active star formation.

[Anthony Barreiro]

My, that is awfully dusty! I wonder why the Pleiades don't look like that to the naked eye or through binoculars. I guess another way of asking the same question is, what was done to make this photograph show the dust so clearly. Chris already suggested there would be a long exposure. I'm guessing that the brightness of the stars is greatly suppressed and the brightness of the dust is greatly enhanced. Please forgive my uninformed speculations, but this is a remarkably curious image.

[Chris Peterson]

My, that is awfully dusty! I wonder why the Pleiades don't look like that to the naked eye or through binoculars. I guess another way of asking the same question is, what was done to make this photograph show the dust so clearly. Chris already suggested there would be a long exposure. I'm guessing that the brightness of the stars is greatly suppressed and the brightness of the dust is greatly enhanced. Please forgive my uninformed speculations, but this is a remarkably curious image.

Getting the dust into the data is simply a matter of collecting enough photons, which is determined by aperture and exposure time. Actually displaying this very large dynamic range data on a limited dynamic range display is a matter of creating the appropriate intensity transfer function (called "curves" in Photoshop and many other image processing programs). You can't tell how bright the brighter stars are in this image, because they're completely saturated. They'd look the same if they were 1000 times brighter (well... not exactly, because they'd show more bloat, but that's how it would be in a perfect world). You can't make a photometric comparison between a saturated pixel and an unsaturated one.

[MargaritaMc]

My, that is awfully dusty! I wonder why the Pleiades don't look like that to the naked eye or through binoculars. I guess another way of asking the same question is, what was done to make this photograph show the dust so clearly. Chris already suggested there would be a long exposure. I'm guessing that the brightness of the stars is greatly suppressed and the brightness of the dust is greatly enhanced. Please forgive my uninformed speculations, but this is a remarkably curious image.

I've emailed the photographer (his email address is on the Apod)and he said that he would try to drop into the forum to answer these questions. He mentioned what sounded to me (a non photographer) like very long exposure times. But hopefully David will be able to explain himself.
M

[kcstars]

On a local site he says:

"Its 45 hours of exposure, 10 hours of 20 minutes exposures and 10 hours of 15 minutes exposures. The rest is split 5 and 10 minute exposures. It was shot with a QHY12 OSC camera at my farm site." . . . and "Oh and a Williams Optics GTF 81 refractor for the scope."

Dave is a wonderful photographer who has taken to his new hobby with great passion (and he does fine outreach for his local astronomy society). I am happy to have a couple of his milky way shots over National Park scenes.

HOpe he can come online and give better more detailed answers.

[drlane]

Hi everyone. Thanks for all the kind words. Ill give you more of the details. This was actually shot with a QHY 12 which is a OSC camera. There is just over 45 hours of exposure. Since this is a OSC camera its really the equivalent of 135 hours of RBG data. There were about 10 hours of 20 minute exposures and 10 hours of 15 minute exposures I think that really helped with the dust. The rest were 5 and 10 minutes subs. I gathered them from mid November till early January. The telescope was a Williams Optics GTF refractor of 81mm aperture.

I just happen to love M45 and really wanted to get as much detail as was humanly possible from down here on earth. The imaging was taken about 80 miles south of Kansas City in a pretty remote area. No towns over 100 population for 20 miles. It has very favorable skies.

I'm glad you all enjoyed it and I do feel very honored to have it chosen. Thank you all and a big thanks to APOD and all NASA does.

Dave

[geckzilla]

Thanks for coming here and answering those questions for us, Dave.