by neufer » Wed Sep 10, 2008 3:49 pm
orin stepanek wrote:So; does Dwingeloo belong to the local group or Maffei group? Or is the Maffei group also a part of the local group?:?
Orin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Group
<<Edwin Hubble was the first to identify the Local Group in Chapter VI of his book The Realm of Nebulae (Hubble 1936, pp. 124–151). There he describes it as "a typical small group of nebulae which is isolated in the general field." In that book, he delineated by decreasing luminosity its members to be M31, the Milky Way, M33, the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, M32, NGC 205, NGC 6822, NGC 185, IC 1613 and NGC 147. He also identified IC 10 as a possible Local Group member. In the ~70 years since his work, the number of known Local Group members has increased from his initial twelve to thirty-six as of 2003, by way of the discovery of almost two dozen low-luminosity galaxies.
The Local Group...comprises over 35 galaxies, with its gravitational center located somewhere between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. The galaxies of the Local Group cover a 10 million light-year diameter and have a binary (dumbbell) shape. The group itself is one of many within the Virgo Supercluster (i.e. the Local Supercluster).
The two most massive members of the group are the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. These two barred spirals each have a system of satellite galaxies.
* The Milky Way's satellite system consists of Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy, Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud, Canis Major Dwarf, Ursa Minor Dwarf, Draco Dwarf, Carina Dwarf, Sextans Dwarf, Sculptor Dwarf, Fornax Dwarf, Leo I, Leo II, and Ursa Major Dwarf.
* Andromeda's satellite system comprises M32, M110, NGC 147, NGC 185, And I, And II, And III, And IV, And V, Pegasus dSph, Cassiopeia Dwarf, And VIII, And IX, and And X.
* The Triangulum Galaxy, the third largest and only ordinary spiral galaxy in the Local Group, may or may not be a companion to the Andromeda galaxy but probably has Pisces Dwarf as a satellite.
The other members of the group are gravitationally secluded from these large subgroups: IC1613, Phoenix Dwarf, Leo A, Tucana Dwarf, Cetus Dwarf, Pegasus Dwarf Irregular, Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte, Aquarius Dwarf, and Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular.>>
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia
<<The Mafia is a Sicilian criminal secret society which is believed to have first developed in the mid-19th century in Sicily. The Sicilian Cosa Nostra is a loose confederation of about one hundred Mafia groups, also called cosche or families, each of which claims sovereignty over a territory, usually a town or village or a neighborhood of a larger city, though without ever fully conquering and legitimizing its monopoly of violence.
.
Michael Corleone: "Fredo, you're my older brother, and I love you. But don't ever take sides with anyone against the Family again. Ever. "
.
According to historian Paolo Pezzino: "The Mafia is a kind of organized crime being active not only in several illegal fields, but also tending to exercise sovereignty functions – normally belonging to public authorities – over a specific territory...">>
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Maffei
<<Paolo Maffei (born 1926) is an Italian astronomer and science writer. He was born in Foligno and he has been former director of the Catania Observatory and an astronomer at Arcetri, Bologna, Asiago and Hamburg. He studied comets, variable stars, galaxies and the evolution of the universe. Maffei is well known as a writer of history of astronomy and popularizer of astronomy through a serious books, including the Al di là della Luna (1973) and I mostri del cielo (1976).>>
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maffei_1
<<Maffei 1 is the closest giant elliptical galaxy to the Milky Way. Once believed to be a member of the Local Group, it is now known to be a member of the IC 342/Maffei Group. It was discovered with the neighbouring Maffei 2 by Paolo Maffei in 1968 from their infrared emissions. Maffei 1 lies in the zone of avoidance and is heavily obscured by the Milky Way's stars and dust. It had been previously been catalogued as an emission nebula or H II region. If it were not obscured, it would be one of the brightest and best known galaxies in the sky.>>
[quote="orin stepanek"]So; does Dwingeloo belong to the local group or Maffei group? Or is the Maffei group also a part of the local group?:? :?:
Orin[/quote]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Group
<<Edwin Hubble was the first to identify the Local Group in Chapter VI of his book The Realm of Nebulae (Hubble 1936, pp. 124–151). There he describes it as "a typical small group of nebulae which is isolated in the general field." In that book, he delineated by decreasing luminosity its members to be M31, the Milky Way, M33, the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud, M32, NGC 205, NGC 6822, NGC 185, IC 1613 and NGC 147. He also identified IC 10 as a possible Local Group member. In the ~70 years since his work, the number of known Local Group members has increased from his initial twelve to thirty-six as of 2003, by way of the discovery of almost two dozen low-luminosity galaxies.
The Local Group...comprises over 35 galaxies, with its gravitational center located somewhere between the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. The galaxies of the Local Group cover a 10 million light-year diameter and have a binary (dumbbell) shape. The group itself is one of many within the Virgo Supercluster (i.e. the Local Supercluster).
The two most massive members of the group are the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. These two barred spirals each have a system of satellite galaxies.
* The Milky Way's satellite system consists of Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy, Large Magellanic Cloud, Small Magellanic Cloud, Canis Major Dwarf, Ursa Minor Dwarf, Draco Dwarf, Carina Dwarf, Sextans Dwarf, Sculptor Dwarf, Fornax Dwarf, Leo I, Leo II, and Ursa Major Dwarf.
* Andromeda's satellite system comprises M32, M110, NGC 147, NGC 185, And I, And II, And III, And IV, And V, Pegasus dSph, Cassiopeia Dwarf, And VIII, And IX, and And X.
* The Triangulum Galaxy, the third largest and only ordinary spiral galaxy in the Local Group, may or may not be a companion to the Andromeda galaxy but probably has Pisces Dwarf as a satellite.
The other members of the group are gravitationally secluded from these large subgroups: IC1613, Phoenix Dwarf, Leo A, Tucana Dwarf, Cetus Dwarf, Pegasus Dwarf Irregular, Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte, Aquarius Dwarf, and Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular.>>
--------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia
<<The Mafia is a Sicilian criminal secret society which is believed to have first developed in the mid-19th century in Sicily. The Sicilian Cosa Nostra is a loose confederation of about one hundred Mafia groups, also called cosche or families, each of which claims sovereignty over a territory, usually a town or village or a neighborhood of a larger city, though without ever fully conquering and legitimizing its monopoly of violence.
.
Michael Corleone: "Fredo, you're my older brother, and I love you. But don't ever take sides with anyone against the Family again. Ever. "
.
According to historian Paolo Pezzino: "The Mafia is a kind of organized crime being active not only in several illegal fields, but also tending to exercise sovereignty functions – normally belonging to public authorities – over a specific territory...">>
--------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Maffei
<<Paolo Maffei (born 1926) is an Italian astronomer and science writer. He was born in Foligno and he has been former director of the Catania Observatory and an astronomer at Arcetri, Bologna, Asiago and Hamburg. He studied comets, variable stars, galaxies and the evolution of the universe. Maffei is well known as a writer of history of astronomy and popularizer of astronomy through a serious books, including the Al di là della Luna (1973) and I mostri del cielo (1976).>>
--------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maffei_1
<<Maffei 1 is the closest giant elliptical galaxy to the Milky Way. Once believed to be a member of the Local Group, it is now known to be a member of the IC 342/Maffei Group. It was discovered with the neighbouring Maffei 2 by Paolo Maffei in 1968 from their infrared emissions. Maffei 1 lies in the zone of avoidance and is heavily obscured by the Milky Way's stars and dust. It had been previously been catalogued as an emission nebula or H II region. If it were not obscured, it would be one of the brightest and best known galaxies in the sky.>>