by neufer » Sat Jul 11, 2015 4:00 pm
Chris Peterson wrote:Tszabeau wrote:peter radley wrote:
- We are so rude to you.
After years as a planet,
you are now called a Dwarf.
No wonder you live so far away.
Alas, we will not be able to stay.
Not to chat, not to Tea.
Yes, a few pictures of course.
Then we must be speeding on, far far away.
What is it about dwarves that offends you?
As a rule, "dwarves" are found in Tolkien, and "dwarfs" are little people.
- David Copperfield / Chapter 47
<<
The neighbourhood was a dreary one at that time; as oppressive, sad, and solitary by night, as any about London. There were neither wharves nor houses on the melancholy waste of road near the great blank prison.>>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_%28Germanic_mythology%29#Etymology_and_usage wrote:
<<Modern English has two plurals for the word dwarf; dwarfs and dwarves. Dwarfs remains the most commonly employed plural. While recorded as early as 1818, the minority plural dwarves was popularized by the fiction of philologist and author J. R. R. Tolkien, originating as a mistake (hypercorrection) and employed by Tolkien since some time before 1917. Regarding the plural, Tolkien wrote in 1937 that "
I am afraid it is just a piece of private bad grammar, rather shocking in a philologist; but I shall have to go with it.".>>
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_%28Middle-earth%29#The_Hobbit wrote:
<<The [traditional] representation of Dwarves as evil changed dramatically with The Hobbit. Here the Dwarves became occasionally comedic and bumbling, but largely seen as honorable, serious-minded, but still portraying some negative characteristics such as being gold-hungry, extremely proud and occasionally officious. Tolkien was now influenced by his own selective reading of medieval texts regarding the Jewish people and their history. The dwarves' characteristics of being dispossessed of their homeland (the Lonely Mountain, their ancestral home, is the goal the exiled Dwarves seek to reclaim), and living among other groups whilst retaining their own culture are all derived from the medieval image of Jews, whilst their warlike nature stems from accounts in the Hebrew Bible. Medieval views of Jews also saw them as having a propensity for making well-crafted and beautiful things. For The Hobbit almost all dwarf-names are taken from the Dvergatal or "Catalogue of the Dwarves", found in the Poetic Edda. The Dwarves' written language is represented on maps and in illustrations by Anglo-Saxon Runes. The Dwarven calendar invented for The Hobbit reflects the Jewish calendar in beginning in late autumn. The dwarves taking Bilbo out of his complacent existence has been seen as an eloquent metaphor for the "impoverishment of Western society without Jews."
- COSMO KRAMER: So, you're still master of your domain.
JERRY SEINFELD: (Nodding) Yes. Yes I am.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Stern wrote:
<<S. Alan Stern (born November 22, 1957, in New Orleans, Louisiana) is the principal investigator of the New Horizons mission to Pluto and the Chief Scientist at Moon Express. Stern has become particularly involved in the debate surrounding the 2006 definition of planet by the IAU. After the IAU's decision was made he was quoted as saying "
It's an awful definition; it's sloppy science and it would never pass peer review" and claimed that Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Neptune have not fully cleared their orbital zones and has stated in his capacity as PI of the New Horizons project that "
The New Horizons project will not recognize the IAU's planet definition resolution of August 24, 2006."
[However,] a 2000 paper by Stern and Levison proposed a system of planet classification that included
both the concepts of hydrostatic equilibrium and clearing the neighbourhood used in the new definition, with a proposed classification scheme labeling all sub-stellar objects in hydrostatic equilibrium as "planets" and subclassifying them into "überplanets" and "unterplanets" based on a mathematical analysis of the planet's ability to scatter other objects out of its orbit over a long period of time. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune were classified as neighborhood-clearing "überplanets" and Pluto was classified as an "unterplanet".
One could take this classification system as planet and dwarf planet respectively, with the major difference of the IAU definition classifying the two as distinct categories of celestial bodies instead of two subsets of planets.
Some large satellites are of similar size or larger than the planet Mercury, e.g. Jupiter's Galilean moons and Titan. Stern has argued that location should not matter and only geophysical attributes should be taken into account in the definition of a planet, and proposes the term satellite planet for a planet-sized object orbiting another planet. Likewise planet-sized objects in the asteroid belt or Kuiper belt should also be planets according to Stern. Others have used the neologism planemo (planetary-mass object) for the broad concept of "planet" advocated by Stern.>>
[quote="Chris Peterson"][quote="Tszabeau"][quote="peter radley"]
[list]We are so rude to you.
After years as a planet,
you are now called a Dwarf.
No wonder you live so far away.
Alas, we will not be able to stay.
Not to chat, not to Tea.
Yes, a few pictures of course.
Then we must be speeding on, far far away.[/list][/quote]
What is it about dwarves that offends you?[/quote]
As a rule, "dwarves" are found in Tolkien, and "dwarfs" are little people.[/quote]
[list][size=150]David Copperfield / Chapter 47[/size][/list]
<<[b][i][color=#0000FF]The neighbourhood was a dreary one at that time; as oppressive, sad, and solitary by night, as any about London. There were neither [u]wharves[/u] nor houses on the melancholy waste of road near the great blank prison.[/color][/i][/b]>>
[quote=" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_%28Germanic_mythology%29#Etymology_and_usage"]
<<Modern English has two plurals for the word dwarf; dwarfs and dwarves. Dwarfs remains the most commonly employed plural. While recorded as early as 1818, the minority plural dwarves was popularized by the fiction of philologist and author J. R. R. Tolkien, originating as a mistake (hypercorrection) and employed by Tolkien since some time before 1917. Regarding the plural, Tolkien wrote in 1937 that "[i][color=#0000FF][b]I am afraid it is just a piece of private bad grammar, rather shocking in a philologist; but I shall have to go with it.[/b][/color][/i]".>>[/quote][quote=" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf_%28Middle-earth%29#The_Hobbit"]
<<The [traditional] representation of Dwarves as evil changed dramatically with The Hobbit. Here the Dwarves became occasionally comedic and bumbling, but largely seen as honorable, serious-minded, but still portraying some negative characteristics such as being gold-hungry, extremely proud and occasionally officious. Tolkien was now influenced by his own selective reading of medieval texts regarding the Jewish people and their history. The dwarves' characteristics of being dispossessed of their homeland (the Lonely Mountain, their ancestral home, is the goal the exiled Dwarves seek to reclaim), and living among other groups whilst retaining their own culture are all derived from the medieval image of Jews, whilst their warlike nature stems from accounts in the Hebrew Bible. Medieval views of Jews also saw them as having a propensity for making well-crafted and beautiful things. For The Hobbit almost all dwarf-names are taken from the Dvergatal or "Catalogue of the Dwarves", found in the Poetic Edda. The Dwarves' written language is represented on maps and in illustrations by Anglo-Saxon Runes. The Dwarven calendar invented for The Hobbit reflects the Jewish calendar in beginning in late autumn. The dwarves taking Bilbo out of his complacent existence has been seen as an eloquent metaphor for the "impoverishment of Western society without Jews."[/quote]
[list]COSMO KRAMER: [b][i][color=#0000FF]So, you're still master of your domain.[/color][/i][/b]
JERRY SEINFELD: [b](Nodding) [i][color=#0000FF]Yes. Yes I am.[/color][/i][/b][/list]
[quote=" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Stern"]
<<S. Alan Stern (born November 22, 1957, in New Orleans, Louisiana) is the principal investigator of the New Horizons mission to Pluto and the Chief Scientist at Moon Express. Stern has become particularly involved in the debate surrounding the 2006 definition of planet by the IAU. After the IAU's decision was made he was quoted as saying "[i][color=#0000FF][b]It's an awful definition; it's sloppy science and it would never pass peer review[/b][/color][/i]" and claimed that Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Neptune have not fully cleared their orbital zones and has stated in his capacity as PI of the New Horizons project that "[i][color=#0000FF][b]The New Horizons project will not recognize the IAU's planet definition resolution of August 24, 2006.[/b][/color][/i]"
[However,] a 2000 paper by Stern and Levison proposed a system of planet classification that included [i]both[/i] the concepts of hydrostatic equilibrium and clearing the neighbourhood used in the new definition, with a proposed classification scheme labeling all sub-stellar objects in hydrostatic equilibrium as "planets" and subclassifying them into "überplanets" and "unterplanets" based on a mathematical analysis of the planet's ability to scatter other objects out of its orbit over a long period of time. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune were classified as neighborhood-clearing "überplanets" and Pluto was classified as an "unterplanet". [b][color=#FF0000]One could take this classification system as planet and dwarf planet respectively, with the major difference of the IAU definition classifying the two as distinct categories of celestial bodies instead of two subsets of planets.
[/color][/b]
Some large satellites are of similar size or larger than the planet Mercury, e.g. Jupiter's Galilean moons and Titan. Stern has argued that location should not matter and only geophysical attributes should be taken into account in the definition of a planet, and proposes the term satellite planet for a planet-sized object orbiting another planet. Likewise planet-sized objects in the asteroid belt or Kuiper belt should also be planets according to Stern. Others have used the neologism planemo (planetary-mass object) for the broad concept of "planet" advocated by Stern.>>[/quote]